Superior corrosion resistance-dependent laser energy density in(CoCrFeNi)95Nb5 high entropy alloy coating fabricated by laser cladding

(CoCrFeNi)95Nb5 high entropy alloy(HEA)coatings were successfully fabricated on a substrate of Q235 steel by laser cladding technology.These(CoCrFeNi)95Nb5 HEA coatings possess excellent properties,particularly corrosion resistance,which is clearly superior to that of some typical bulk HEA and common engineering alloys.In order to obtain appropriate laser cladding preparation process parameters,the effects of laser energy density on the microstructure,microhardness,and corrosion resistance of(CoCrFeNi)95Nb5 HEA coating were closely studied.Results showed that as the laser energy density increases,precipitation of the Laves phase in(CoCrFeNi)95Nb5 HEA coating gradually decreases,and diffusion of the Fe element in the substrate intensifies,affecting the integrity of the(CoCrFeNi)95Nb5 HEA.This decreases the microhardness of(CoCrFeNi)95Nb5 HEA coatings.Moreover,the relative content of Cr2O3,Cr(OH)3,and Nb2O5 in the surface passive film of the coating decreases with increasing energy density,causing corrosion resistance to decrease.This study demonstrates the controllability of a high-performance HEA coating using laser cladding technology,which has significance for the laser cladding preparation of other CoCrFeNi-system HEA coatings.     

融媒体背景下传统民营科技型企业的互联网转型:协同进化视角

借助隐喻手段,基于融媒体发展背景,以协同进化为理论依据,剖析传统民营科技型企业的互联网转型过程,总结机理与路径,提出协同进化式转型的理论模型.以千城智联(上海)网络科技有限公司为案例企业,分析其与地方电视台的协同进化过程,研究发现:①基因改变意味着组织认知模式的变化,具体表现是互联网思维的建立以及从单式思维到链式思维的转变;②协同进化基本路径为企业基因改变→企业行为转变→合作方基因改变→合作方行为转变→企业与合作方性状变化;③协同进化的标志是生态位改变,后者由协同关系的转变来衡量,分别经历了买卖关系、资源共享关系、价值共创与共享关系三种状态;④协同关系的演进激发平台网络效应的形成.     

追踪物理学中的跨领域模因

以美国物理学会旗下期刊2000—2019年发表的论文和Web of Science论文摘要为基础，用模因短语刻画知识，构建模因关系网络并引入跨学科测度Rao-Stirling指数以计算模因的跨领域分数，从而追踪物理学中的跨领域模因。分别从网络拓扑结构指标、跨领域测度指标和专业术语对比3个方面进行验证，证明了所提的模因关系网络和模因的跨领域分数可以有效反映知识在不同领域间的扩散现象。     

"花瓶"一无所用?独立董事对公司创业导向的影响

近年来,创业导向前因研究的焦点已渐从外部环境转至企业及管理者层面.其中有关管理者层面的因素涉及董事会整体和CEO,鲜有研究考察其他类别董事(如独立董事)对创业导向的影响.基于此,文章整合合法性理论与信号理论,预测和检验独立董事与创业导向的关系.基于信息传输、软件和信息技术服务业A股上市公司2011—2016年的面板数据,实证结果表明,独立董事的存在通过增加企业合法性促进创业导向,当独立董事中存在"学者董事"时,上述关系的强度增强;而企业所在地区制度发展水平较高时,上述关系的强度减弱.文章具有一定的理论和实践意义.     

Antennae and the role of olfaction and contact stimulation in mate recognition by males of the pollinating fig wasp Ceratosolen gravelyi (Hymenoptera: Agaonidae)

Finding a mate is a crucial step in sexual reproduction. The mutualism between figs and their pollinators is exploited by many figwasps that develop within their galls and attain sexual maturity simultaneously. Male pollinators carry the specific burden of detecting and opening mating holes in galls containing conspecific females before mating with them. The mating behaviourand antennal sensilla of male pollinators associated with Ficus semicordata was investigated to understand mate recognition. Male Ceratosolen gravelyi located female-containing galls from a distance, but only attempted to chew a mating hole after antennal contact with the gall surface was made. They showed similar responses to females and body extracts but failed to respond to washed female bodies. This behaviour indicates that unidentified chemicals present on the body surfaces of females are sufficient to elicit olfactory attraction and tactile confirmation. Multiporous plate sensilla are candidates for olfactory reception from a distance while basiconic sensilla may be involved in contact chemoreceptor. All of the sensilla are highly localised, on the distal part of the terminal flagellomere, suggesting a response to selection for strong directionality in the complex odour environment of the fig in which messages produced by hundreds of females may confuse precise mate localisation.     

A 12-bit 250-MS/s Charge-Domain Pipelined Analog-to-Digital Converter with Feed-Forward Common-Mode Charge Control

A feed-forward Common-Mode(CM) charge control circuit for a high-speed Charge-Domain(CD)pipelined Analog-to-Digital Converter(ADC) is presented herein.This study aims at solving the problem whereby the precision of CD pipelined ADCs is restricted by the variation in input CM charge,which can compensate for CM charge errors caused by a variation in CM charge input in real time.Based on the feed-forward CM charge control circuit,a 12-bit 250-MS/s CD pipelined ADC is designed and realized using a 1 P6 M 0.18-μm CMOS process.The ADC achieved a Spurious Free Dynamic Range(SFDR) of 78.1 d B and a Signal-to-Noise-and-Distortion Ratio(SNDR) of 64.6 d B for a 20.1-MHz input:a SFDR of 74.9 d B and SNDR of 62.0 d B were achieved for a 239.9-MHz input at full sampling rate.The variation in signal-to-noise ratio was less than 3 d B over a 0–1.2 V input CM voltage range.The power consumption of the prototype ADC is only 85 m W at 1.8 V supply,and it occupies an active die area of 2.24 mm~2.     

An Economic Model-Based Matching Approach Between Buyers and Sellers Through a Broker in an Open E-Marketplace

A broker in an open e-marketplace enables buyers and sellers to do business with each other. Although a broker plays an important role in e-marketplaces, theory and guidelines for matching between buyers and sellers in multi-attribute exchanges are limited. Therefore, a challenge for a broker’s responsibility is how to maximize a buyer’s total satisfaction degree as its goals under the consideration of trade-off between a buyer’s buying quantity and price paid to a seller, and other attributes. To solve this challenge, this paper proposes an economic model-based matching approach between a buyer’s requirements and a seller’s offers. The major contributions of this paper are that (i) a broker can model a seller’s price policy as per a buyer’s buying quantity through communication between a broker and a seller; (ii) due to each buyer’s different quantity demand, a broker models a buyer’s satisfaction degree as per a buyer’s buying quantity based on communication between a broker and a buyer; and (iii) to carry out a broker’s matching processes, an objective function and a set of constraints are generated to help a broker to maximize a buyer’s total satisfaction degree. Experimental results demonstrate the good performance of the proposed approach.     

Breeding preferences in the treefrogs Dryophytes japonicus (Hylidae) in Mongolia

ABSTRACT

When a species occurs over a broad range of climates and landscapes, the breeding ecology of that species is expected to vary locally. Additionally, a basic knowledge of breeding ecology is required before other types of studies may be conducted, such as physiology or conservation. In North East Asia, Dryophytes japonicus is distributed from Japan to Mongolia, where its breeding ecology is unknown. The objectives of this study were to understand the breeding requirements of D. japonicus in this part of its range. We collected data for Dryophytes japonicus at 56 sites located within 23 independent localities in Northern Mongolia during the breeding season 2017. The data collected included habitat type and co-occurring amphibian, fishes and bird species. Our results show that the species prefers circa 70 m long oxbow lakes for breeding, while habitat characteristics, water quality and co-occurring species were not significantly associated with the occurrence of the species. We therefore conclude that D. japonicus is behaviourally plastic in Mongolia, as it is in other portions of its range, and that the species can use several types of environments and co-occur with different species at its breeding sites. Corvus dauuricus was the only bird species significant predicting the occurrence of D. japonicus, likely because of overlapping ecological preferences.     

Hierarchical Community Detection Based on Partial Matrix Convergence Using Random Walks

Random walks are a standard tool for modeling the spreading process in social and biological systems.But in the face of large-scale networks,to achieve convergence,iterative calculation of the transition matrix in random walk methods consumes a lot of time.In this paper,we propose a three-stage hierarchical community detection algorithm based on Partial Matrix Approximation Convergence(PMAC) using random walks.First,this algorithm identifies the initial core nodes in a network by classical measurement and then utilizes the error function of the partial transition matrix convergence of the core nodes to determine the number of random walks steps.As such,the PMAC of the core nodes replaces the final convergence of all the nodes in the whole matrix.Finally,based on the approximation convergence transition matrix,we cluster the communities around core nodes and use a closeness index to merge two communities.By recursively repeating the process,a dendrogram of the communities is eventually constructed.We validated the performance of the PMAC by comparing its results with those of two representative methods for three real-world networks with different scales.     

毛花猕猴桃果实发育过程中理化性质的变化研究

为深入了解猕猴桃果实生长发育规律及果实商品价值,本研究以四川地区野生毛花猕猴桃果实为材料,采用田间取样和实验室测定相结合的方法测定其果实发育过程中理化性质变化.结果显示果实重量、纵横径和干物质积累呈单‘S’型曲线.果实淀粉积累时间短,果糖和葡萄糖从盛花期(DAA)105 d开始急剧上升,果实成熟时生成少量的蔗糖和麦芽糖.苹果酸和柠檬酸浓度整体呈上升趋势,而奎宁酸在90 DAA前保持相对恒定,105 DAA时下降到最低,后保持稳定.VC含量高,整体呈下降趋势.以上结果说明毛花猕猴桃果树园艺性状好,其果实有机酸含量高,特别是VC,是天然维生素库.